Toward Embodied AGI: A Review of Embodied AI and the Road Ahead
这是一份面向零基础读者的结构化研究笔记。本文只把公开论文文本和 arXiv 元数据能支持的结论写成事实;本站没有本地训练、仿真或真机复现实验,因此不会把论文中的路线图判断写成本站 E4 结果。
一句话讲什么(TL;DR)
这篇综述提出 Embodied AGI 的五级路线图 L1-L5,并用四个能力维度评估当前差距:omnimodal capabilities、humanoid cognitive abilities、real-time responsiveness、generalization。作者认为当前 Embodied AI 大致处在 L1-L2,距离 L3+ 还缺多模态、类人认知、实时响应和开放泛化能力,并提出一个 L3+ robotic brain 的概念框架。
如果只记一个直觉:它不是某个机器人模型论文,而是像自动驾驶 L1-L5 一样,给具身智能从“会做单一任务”到“类人开放任务”画阶段地图。
所以这一节是想说:这篇论文给 Embodied AGI 提供了评估尺子,而不是提供一个已完成系统。
这是个什么场景
AGI 常被理解为通用人工智能,但很多讨论停在文本或数字世界。Embodied AGI 进一步要求智能体有身体,能在真实世界中感知、行动、互动和学习。机器人不是只要答对问题,还要在物理环境里完成开放任务。
论文提出一个 pragmatic definition:Embodied AGI 是一种 Embodied AI,具备 human-like interaction capabilities,并能以 human-level proficiency 完成 diverse, open-ended real-world tasks。这个定义把 AGI 的“通用”落到真实世界任务和人类互动上。
从 AI 到 Embodied AGI
文本推理
│
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多模态理解
│
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具身行动
│
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开放真实任务 + 类人交互 + 长期学习
四个能力维度
1. Omnimodal capabilities
2. Humanoid cognitive abilities
3. Real-time responsiveness
4. Generalization
这篇论文适合在读了很多单篇机器人模型后回看。它帮我们问:这些模型到底处在什么阶段?只是能抓一个物体,还是能跨任务、跨环境、实时响应、像人一样和社会关系互动?
所以这一节是想说:Embodied AGI 把“会做任务”提升到“能在人类世界中通用行动”。

之前的人怎么做的,为什么不够好
已有 Embodied AI 进展很多,例如 LLM、VLM、VLA、omnimodal models、机器人学习和强化学习。但论文认为这些能力仍然不足以达到 L3+。现有系统往往只能处理有限任务、有限环境或有限模态。
比如很多 VLA 能在某些机器人任务上表现强,但它们常常不是全模态;很多模型能理解图像和语言,但不具备精确实时动作执行;很多机器人能完成单一或组合任务,但不能可靠处理开放任务和人类社会互动。
论文指出现有架构和主流学习范式,包括 supervised learning 和 reinforcement learning,在 acquiring human-like behaviors 和 robust generalization 方面仍不足。也就是说,继续堆现有范式不一定直接通向 L3-L5。
所以这一节是想说:现有 Embodied AI 有明显进步,但离类人通用具身智能还有结构性差距。
这篇论文的新想法
论文最核心的新想法是五级路线图。受自动驾驶分级启发,它把 Embodied AGI 分为 L1 到 L5:
- L1:Single-task completion,能稳定完成单一明确任务。
- L2:Compositional task completion,能组合简单技能完成复合任务。
- L3:Conditional general-purpose task completion,能在一定条件下跨任务、跨环境、实时适应。
- L4:Highly general-purpose robots,能对广泛未见任务保持强泛化。
- L5:All-purpose robots,开放任务中的类人全能目标。
第二个新想法是四维评估:全模态能力、类人认知能力、实时响应能力、泛化能力。路线图不是只看任务成功率,而是看机器人是否能处理更多模态、是否有类人学习和社会理解、是否实时、是否能面对开放环境。
L1-L5 和四维能力的关系
┌──────────┬────────────┬────────────┬────────────┬────────────┐
│ 等级 │ 模态 │ 认知 │ 实时 │ 泛化 │
├──────────┼────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼────────────┤
│ L1 │ 单任务输入 │ 任务内规则 │ 低闭环 │ 任务内 │
│ L2 │ 多技能组合 │ 计划分解 │ 局部闭环 │ 同类任务 │
│ L3+ │ omnimodal │ 类人记忆 │ 强实时 │ 跨任务类 │
└──────────┴────────────┴────────────┴────────────┴────────────┘
所以这一节是想说:本文把“通用具身智能”拆成等级和能力维度,使讨论可比较。
它分几步做的(方法)
第 1 步:定义 Embodied AGI
论文先给出实用定义:Embodied AGI 要具备类人交互能力,并以人类水平熟练完成多样开放真实任务。这个定义很重要,因为它避免只用“模型参数大”或“benchmark 分数高”来讨论 AGI。
第 2 步:提出 L1-L5 路线图
作者借鉴自动驾驶分级,把具身智能划分为五个等级。L1 类似单功能辅助,L2 能组合任务,L3 开始具备条件通用性,L4 是高度通用,L5 是开放任务全能。
Embodied AGI levels
L1: 单一任务
L2: 组合任务
L3: 条件通用任务
L4: 高度通用机器人
L5: 全用途机器人
这种分级的好处是能防止“会做一个新任务就叫 AGI”的夸大表述。每一级都有任务范围、泛化和能力要求。
第 3 步:用四个维度评估当前状态
四个维度分别是 omnimodal capabilities、humanoid cognitive abilities、real-time responsiveness、generalization。论文认为当前 Embodied AI 大致处在 L1-L2,原因是全模态处理、类人认知、实时响应和开放泛化都还不够。
L3+ 需要的四件事
全模态输入输出
类人认知和社会理解
快速准确的实时行动
跨环境跨任务泛化
第 4 步:讨论 L3-L5 的关键构件
论文进一步讨论 L3+ 需要什么:更全面的 omnimodal model structure,更强的 streaming input 和 duplex interaction,更接近人类的 social connection understanding、自我意识、procedural memory、memory reconsolidation,以及 physical-oriented training。
这些构件不一定是最终答案,而是作者提出的概念框架,用来描述未来 robotic brain 应该满足什么目标。
第 5 步:提出 L3+ robotic brain 概念框架
论文最后提出一个 conceptual framework,包括 omnimodal model structure 和 training paradigm。它强调 streaming、cross-modal alignment、omnimodal understanding、physical-oriented training 等方向。
所以这一节是想说:论文方法是“定义目标 -> 分级 -> 评估差距 -> 提出 L3+ 构件”。

关键数字
本文最重要的数字是五级路线图和四个能力维度。五级是 L1-L5,四维是 omnimodal capabilities、humanoid cognitive abilities、real-time responsiveness、generalization。
论文还给出一个关键判断:current state of Embodied AI development between Levels 1 and 2 (L1-L2)。这不是严格实验分数,而是作者基于当前文献和能力维度的综述性判断。
此外,论文提到 advancing to L3 requires handling substantially different task categories and exhibiting robust real-time responsiveness。也就是说,L3 的门槛不是只在同一任务族内泛化,而是跨任务类别和实时响应能力都要提升。
所以这一节是想说:L1-L5 和四维能力是本文的主记忆点。
实验结果说明了什么
这篇论文没有训练一个新模型,也没有做统一机器人实验。它的“结果”是路线图和能力差距分析。作者认为,当前很多系统能达到 L1,部分接近 L2,但尚未达到 L3+。
这个判断对读其他论文很有帮助。比如一篇 VLA 在抓取任务上泛化不错,可能只是 L1 到 L2;一篇导航模型能跨任务和跨本体,但如果没有类人认知或开放任务能力,也不能直接叫 L4 或 L5。
论文还提醒我们,实时响应不是可选项。一个机器人如果每次思考都很慢,即使推理结果正确,也难以在人类环境中交互。未来 L3+ 需要真正支持 multiplexed、omnimodal、streaming 的处理方式。
所以这一节是想说:论文的结果是给现有 Embodied AI 降温,并指出 L3+ 的具体缺口。
术语表
- Embodied AGI:具备身体并能在真实世界中完成开放任务的通用智能。
- L1-L5:作者提出的五级 Embodied AGI 路线图。
- Omnimodal:不只视觉语言,还包含音频、触觉、力、热、运动等更多模态。
- Humanoid cognitive abilities:类人认知能力,如社会理解、自我意识、程序记忆等。
- Real-time responsiveness:实时响应能力,能快速准确行动和双向交互。
- Generalization:跨环境、跨任务、跨情境泛化。
- Robotic brain:作者提出的 L3+ 机器人认知架构概念。
所以这一节是想说:本文术语是为了衡量“离类人通用机器人还有多远”。
局限和边界
第一,L1-L5 是作者提出的路线图,不是行业统一标准。它有启发性,但后续可能被修正。
第二,当前状态在 L1-L2 的判断是综述性判断,不是通过统一 benchmark 严格测量得出。
第三,Embodied AGI 涉及硬件、认知、社会、实时系统和学习理论。论文提供框架,但没有解决所有实现问题。
第四,类人认知和自我意识等概念很复杂,工程定义和哲学定义可能不同。读这篇时要把它当研究路线图,而不是已验证理论。
所以这一节是想说:这篇论文适合定方向,不适合当最终评测标准。
和其他论文的关系
和 mobile-service-robot-foundation-survey 相比,本文更宏观。移动服务机器人综述关注家庭、医院和服务场景的具体约束,本文关注 Embodied AGI 的等级和长期路线。
和 RoboNeuron 相比,本文是目标地图,RoboNeuron 是工程中间层。L3+ 需要机器人系统能稳定接入工具、ROS、VLA 和低层执行,这正是 RoboNeuron 试图解决的一类问题。
和 NavFoM 相比,本文提出“通用具身智能应具备什么”,NavFoM 是 navigation 方向尝试跨任务、跨本体泛化的具体模型。
和 VLA manipulation survey 相比,本文更关注 AGI 层级和类人能力,而不只是现有 VLA 结构和训练分类。
所以这一节是想说:Batch 5 用这篇论文给后续服务机器人、导航和系统中间层提供上位目标。
和本导读的关系
本站的很多论文可以映射到 L1-L5:单任务控制、复合任务、跨本体泛化、服务机器人、导航基础模型、系统中间层。读这篇后,读者可以开始问每篇论文到底推进了哪个层级。
它也帮助本站避免夸大。一个模型“更强”不等于 Embodied AGI。只有当它在多模态、类人认知、实时响应和开放泛化上都有进展,才更接近 L3+。
所以这一节是想说:它给本站的论文库加了一把分级尺。
思考题
- 为什么作者认为当前 Embodied AI 大致在 L1-L2?
- L3 和 L2 的关键差别是什么?
- 为什么 omnimodal 不等于简单多加几个传感器?
- 实时响应为什么是 Embodied AGI 的核心能力,而不是工程优化项?
FAQ
Q:L5 是不是已经有明确实现路线? A:没有。L5 是终极目标,论文主要提供路线图和概念框架。
Q:这篇论文是不是说 AGI 必须是机器人? A:它关注 Embodied AGI,并认为 AGI 常被视为 inherently embodied;但这是论文立场,不是所有 AGI 讨论的唯一观点。
Q:为什么用自动驾驶分级类比? A:因为自动驾驶 L1-L5 提供了可沟通的阶段框架,能帮助具身智能避免泛泛谈“通用”。
Q:本站有没有验证 L1-L5? A:没有。这里只记录论文路线图,不把它写成本站评测体系。
进一步读什么
mobile-service-robot-foundation-survey:看 Embodied AGI 在服务机器人场景中的约束。embodied-navigation-foundation-model:看跨任务/跨本体导航模型如何接近 L3 的一部分。roboneuron:看工程中间层如何支撑 agentic embodied systems。vla-manipulation-survey:看 VLA 在具身操作中的现有结构。
精读补充:L2 到 L3 为什么是关键门槛
这篇论文最值得反复看的不是 L5 这个远大目标,而是 L2 到 L3 的分界。L2 的机器人已经能做组合任务,比如把“拿杯子再放到桌上”拆成抓取、移动、放置。听起来已经很强,但它仍然可能只是在有限任务集合内组合技能。L3 则要求 conditional general-purpose task completion,也就是在一定条件下跨任务类别、跨环境、跨人类指令工作,并且具备 robust real-time responsiveness。
这一步之所以难,是因为组合已知技能和面对新任务不是一回事。组合技能像搭积木,积木形状都知道;新任务则可能需要判断新物体、新社交情境、新失败模式和新动作约束。很多现有机器人在演示中像 L2,但一旦任务类别变化,就会退回到需要人工重新定义动作、重新收集数据或重新调参。
四个能力维度也可以用 L2 到 L3 来理解。Omnimodal capabilities 要求机器人不仅看图听话,还要融合声音、触觉、力、热、位置、人体状态等更丰富信号。Humanoid cognitive abilities 要求它不只是执行命令,还要理解社会关系、程序性记忆和长期经验。Real-time responsiveness 要求它不能“想半分钟再动一下”。Generalization 要求它不只换光照和背景,还能跨任务类别泛化。
论文对当前状态的判断比较克制:大致在 L1-L2。这个判断对学习很有帮助,因为它能防止我们被单篇论文的强标题带偏。一个模型如果只在某类抓取或导航 benchmark 上好,不应该直接被称为 Embodied AGI。它可能只是 L1 或 L2 上的优秀方法。
L3+ robotic brain 的概念框架也不是具体产品设计图,而是需求列表。它要求 omnimodal streaming input、跨模态对齐、物理导向训练、类人认知机制和实时交互。换句话说,未来机器人“大脑”不只是更大的 LLM,而是一个持续感知、持续行动、持续学习、持续和世界校准的系统。
对本站来说,这篇论文可以当成“防夸大工具”。之后读任何新论文,都可以问:它推进的是哪一级?它只提升单任务,还是提升组合任务?它有没有跨任务类别?有没有实时响应?有没有类人认知或长期记忆?这些问题能帮助我们把 hype 拆成可审查的能力维度。
另一个容易忽略的点是,L3 不是“把 L2 做大一点”。L2 可以通过更多技能库、更好的任务分解、更强的提示词工程继续提升,但这些改进仍然可能依赖封闭任务空间。L3 需要机器人在条件约束内识别新任务、判断可行性、主动澄清、失败恢复,并把感知变化及时反馈到行动中。这里的“条件通用”不是无限能力,而是明确边界下的可迁移能力。
这也解释了为什么论文把 real-time responsiveness 单独列出来。桌面聊天系统可以慢几秒,但机器人慢几秒可能已经错过抓取时机,或者在人靠近时没有及时停下。实时性不是把模型部署得更快这么简单,它要求感知、规划、控制和人机交互形成闭环。模型如果只会离线推理路线,仍然很难进入 L3。
因此,L1-L5 分级适合作为阅读索引,而不是打分榜。我们可以用它标注论文贡献:某篇论文可能提升多模态感知,某篇提升跨本体数据,某篇提升中间层 orchestration,某篇提升导航泛化。它们未必单独把系统推到 L3,但可以分别补 L3 所需的拼图。
所以这一节是想说:L3 才是从技能组合走向条件通用的分水岭,当前大多数工作还没真正跨过去。
后续核验清单
如果之后要把本文从 UNVERIFIED 提升到人工核验状态,应逐项核对:L1-L5 定义是否按原文表述;四个能力维度是否为 omnimodal capabilities、humanoid cognitive abilities、real-time responsiveness、generalization;当前状态 L1-L2 的判断是否保留综述边界;L3+ robotic brain 是否写成 conceptual framework 而非已实现系统。
原文信息
- arXiv: 2505.14235
- PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.14235
@article{wang2025embodiedagiroadahead,
title = {Toward Embodied AGI: A Review of Embodied AI and the Road Ahead},
author = {Wang, Yequan and Sun, Aixin},
journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.14235},
year = {2025}
}
◼
引用本笔记 / Cite this note
@online{eai_embodied_agi_road_ahead_2026,
title = {(readable note) Toward Embodied AGI: A Review of Embodied AI and the Road Ahead},
author = {Xun, Jason},
year = {2026},
note = {Note on a 2025 paper},
howpublished = {\url{https://estelledc.github.io/embodied-ai-reading-station/papers/embodied-agi-road-ahead/}},
organization = {Embodied AI: Zero to One}
}
All 202 papers (full index)
- 1. LLaVA: Visual Instruction Tuning
- 2. 3DShape2VecSet: 3D Shape Representation for Diffusion Models
- 3. SayCan: Do As I Can, Not As I Say
- 4. OpenVLA: An Open-Source Vision-Language-Action Model
- 5. VLAS: VLA Model With Speech Instructions
- 6. MLA: Multisensory Language-Action Model
- 7. Cosmos Policy: Fine-Tuning Video Models for Visuomotor Control
- 8. CartoRadar: RF-Based 3D SLAM Rivaling Vision Approaches
- 9. mmCLIP: Boosting mmWave-based Zero-shot HAR via Signal-Text Alignment
- 10. mmNorm: Non-Line-of-Sight 3D Object Reconstruction via mmWave Surface Normal Estimation
- 11. Proactive Hearing Assistants that Isolate Egocentric Conversations
- 12. NeuralAids: Wireless Hearables With Programmable Speech AI Accelerators
- 13. Creating speech zones with self-distributing acoustic swarms
- 14. Conv-TasNet: Surpassing Ideal Time-Frequency Magnitude Masking for Speech Separation
- 15. SoundStream: An End-to-End Neural Audio Codec
- 16. AudioLM
- 17. Conformer
- 18. Dual-path RNN
- 19. EnCodec
- 20. Meta-StyleSpeech
- 21. MusicLM
- 22. Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervision
- 23. SeamlessM4T
- 24. Stable Audio
- 25. Universal Source Separation with Weakly Labelled Data
- 26. Meta-World: A Benchmark and Evaluation for Multi-Task and Meta Reinforcement Learning
- 27. RLBench: The Robot Learning Benchmark & Learning Environment
- 28. robosuite: A Modular Simulation Framework and Benchmark for Robot Learning
- 30. CALVIN
- 31. LIBERO
- 32. RH20T
- 33. What Matters in Learning from Offline Human Demonstrations for Robot Manipulation
- 34. DROID
- 35. Open X-Embodiment
- 36. RoboCasa
- 37. SimplerEnv
- 38. Diffusion Policy: Visuomotor Policy Learning via Action Diffusion
- 39. 3D Diffusion Policy: Generalizable Visuomotor Policy Learning via Simple 3D Representations
- 40. Consistency Policy: Accelerated Visuomotor Policies via Consistency Distillation
- 41. EquiBot: SIM(3)-Equivariant Diffusion Policy
- 42. DiT-Policy
- 43. Diffusion Policy Policy Optimization (DPPO)
- 44. Affordance-based Robot Manipulation with Flow Matching
- 45. FlowPolicy: 3D Flow-based Policy via Consistency Flow Matching
- 46. FAST: Efficient Action Tokenization for VLA
- 47. π₀: A Vision-Language-Action Flow Model for General Robot Control
- 48. pi_0.5: VLA with Open-World Generalization
- 49. A Reduction of Imitation Learning and Structured Prediction to No-Regret Online Learning
- 50. Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning
- 51. Learning Fine-Grained Bimanual Manipulation with Low-Cost Hardware (ACT/ALOHA)
- 52. AnyTeleop
- 53. Behavior Transformers: Cloning k Modes with One Stone
- 54. Implicit Behavioral Cloning
- 55. RoboCat
- 56. ALOHA 2
- 58. HumanPlus
- 59. Generalizable Humanoid Manipulation with 3D Diffusion Policies (iDP3)
- 60. Mobile ALOHA
- 61. SmolVLA
- 62. Universal Manipulation Interface
- 63. Behavior Generation with Latent Actions (VQ-BeT)
- 64. ImageBind: One Embedding Space To Bind Them All
- 65. Connecting Touch and Vision via Cross-Modal Prediction
- 66. AnyMAL: An Efficient and Scalable Any-Modality Augmented Language Model
- 67. AudioPaLM
- 68. FROMAGe: Grounding LLMs to Images
- 69. OneLLM
- 70. X-VLM: Multi-Grained Vision Language Pre-Training
- 71. Tactile Beyond Pixels (Sparsh-X)
- 72. Sparsh: Self-supervised Touch Representations
- 73. Tactile-VLA
- 74. TLA: Tactile-Language-Action
- 75. Code as Policies: Language Model Programs for Embodied Control
- 76. Inner Monologue: Embodied Reasoning through Planning with Language Models
- 77. LLM+P: Empowering LLMs with Optimal Planning
- 78. PaLM-E: An Embodied Multimodal Language Model
- 79. ProgPrompt
- 80. ChatGPT for Robotics
- 81. GenSim
- 82. RoboFlamingo
- 83. Tree-Planner
- 84. VoxPoser
- 85. See Through Smoke: Robust Indoor Mapping with Low-cost mmWave Radar
- 86. Can WiFi Estimate Person Pose?
- 87. 3DRIMR: 3D Reconstruction and Imaging via mmWave Radar based on Deep Learning
- 88. milliEgo: Single-chip mmWave Radar Aided Egomotion Estimation via Deep Sensor Fusion
- 89. High Resolution Point Clouds from mmWave Radar
- 90. RadarSLAM: Radar based Large-Scale SLAM in All Weathers
- 91. Through-Wall Pose Imaging in Real-Time with a Many-to-Many Encoder/Decoder Paradigm
- 92. RFMask: A Simple Baseline for Human Silhouette Segmentation with Radio Signals
- 93. RFPose-OT: RF-Based 3D Human Pose Estimation via Optimal Transport Theory
- 94. Argus: Multi-View Egocentric Human Mesh Reconstruction Based on Stripped-Down Wearable mmWave Add-on
- 95. Diffusion Model is a Good Pose Estimator from 3D RF-Vision
- 96. Enabling Visual Recognition at Radio Frequency (PanoRadar)
- 97. Wave-Former: Through-Occlusion 3D Reconstruction via Wireless Shape Completion
- 98. Habitat: A Platform for Embodied AI Research
- 99. Isaac Gym: High Performance GPU-Based Physics Simulation For Robot Learning
- 101. Habitat 2.0
- 102. ManiSkill
- 103. ProcTHOR
- 104. SAPIEN: A SimulAted Part-based Interactive ENvironment
- 105. BEHAVIOR-1K
- 106. BridgeData V2
- 106. Habitat 3.0
- 107. Isaac Lab
- 108. DexMV
- 108. MuJoCo Playground
- 109. DexCap
- 109. RT-1: Robotics Transformer for Real-World Control at Scale
- 110. 3D Diffusion Policy (DP3)
- 111. Octo: An Open-Source Generalist Robot Policy
- 112. RT-2: Vision-Language-Action Models Transfer Web Knowledge to Robotic Control
- 113. RT-Trajectory: Robotic Task Generalization via Hindsight Trajectory Sketches
- 114. 3D-VLA
- 116. GR-2: Generative Video-Language-Action Model
- 117. DexVLA
- 117. OpenHelix
- 118. Cosmos World Foundation Model
- 118. OpenVLA-OFT
- 119. RDT-1B: Diffusion Foundation Model for Bimanual Manipulation
- 120. RoboMamba
- 121. SpatialVLA
- 122. TinyVLA
- 123. TraceVLA: Visual Trace Prompting
- 124. Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision
- 125. Flamingo: a Visual Language Model for Few-Shot Learning
- 126. BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Models
- 127. BLIP: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training for Unified Vision-Language Understanding and Generation
- 128. DeepSeek-VL: Towards Real-World Vision-Language Understanding
- 129. EVA-CLIP: Improved Training Techniques for CLIP at Scale
- 130. FILIP: Fine-grained Interactive Language-Image Pre-Training
- 131. Florence-2: Advancing a Unified Representation for a Variety of Vision Tasks
- 132. InternVL: Scaling up Vision Foundation Models and Aligning for Generic Visual-Linguistic Tasks
- 133. Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuning
- 134. OBELICS
- 135. Qwen-VL: A Versatile Vision-Language Model for Understanding, Localization, Text Reading, and Beyond
- 136. Sigmoid Loss for Language Image Pre-Training
- 137. What matters when building vision-language models?
- 138. Expanding Performance Boundaries of Open-Source Multimodal Models with Model, Data, and Test-Time Scaling
- 139. The Llama 3 Herd of Models
- 140. LLaVA-NeXT-Interleave
- 141. LLaVA-OneVision: Easy Visual Task Transfer
- 142. Long-CLIP: Unlocking the Long-Text Capability of CLIP
- 143. Pixtral 12B
- 144. Dream to Control: Learning Behaviors by Latent Imagination
- 145. World Models
- 146. DayDreamer
- 147. Mastering Atari with Discrete World Models
- 148. Dreamer V3: Mastering Diverse Domains through World Models
- 149. Transformers are Sample-Efficient World Models
- 150. TWM: Transformer-based World Models
- 151. 1X World Model Challenge
- 153. GAIA-1
- 154. Genie: Generative Interactive Environments
- 155. Navigation World Models
- 156. UniSim
- 157. LeRobot: An Open-Source Library for End-to-End Robot Learning
- 158. CogACT: A Foundational Vision-Language-Action Model for Synergizing Cognition and Action in Robotic Manipulation
- 159. Universal Actions for Enhanced Embodied Foundation Models
- 160. LoHoVLA: A Unified Vision-Language-Action Model for Long-Horizon Embodied Tasks
- 161. AutoRT: Embodied Foundation Models for Large Scale Orchestration of Robotic Agents
- 162. EO-1: Interleaved Vision-Text-Action Pretraining for General Robot Control
- 163. Qwen-VLA: Unifying Vision-Language-Action Modeling across Tasks, Environments, and Robot Embodiments
- 164. RealMirror: A Comprehensive, Open-Source Vision-Language-Action Platform for Embodied AI
- 165. LLaDA-VLA: Vision Language Diffusion Action Models
- 166. Discrete Diffusion VLA: Bringing Discrete Diffusion to Action Decoding in Vision-Language-Action Policies
- 167. Vlaser: Vision-Language-Action Model with Synergistic Embodied Reasoning
- 168. X-VLA: Soft-Prompted Transformer as Scalable Cross-Embodiment Vision-Language-Action Model
- 169. Embodiment Transfer Learning for Vision-Language-Action Models
- 170. HiMoE-VLA: Hierarchical Mixture-of-Experts for Generalist Vision-Language-Action Policies
- 171. Green-VLA: Staged Vision-Language-Action Model for Generalist Robots
- 172. AC^2-VLA: Action-Context-Aware Adaptive Computation in Vision-Language-Action Models for Efficient Robotic Manipulation
- 173. MoS-VLA: A Vision-Language-Action Model with One-Shot Skill Adaptation
- 174. Asynchronous Fast-Slow Vision-Language-Action Policies for Whole-Body Robotic Manipulation
- 175. VLA-Forget: Vision-Language-Action Unlearning for Embodied Foundation Models
- 176. Membership Inference Attacks on Vision-Language-Action Models
- 177. A Survey on Efficient Vision-Language-Action Models
- 178. Survey of Vision-Language-Action Models for Embodied Manipulation
- 179. Embodied AI with Foundation Models for Mobile Service Robots: A Systematic Review
- 180. Toward Embodied AGI: A Review of Embodied AI and the Road Ahead
- 181. RoboNeuron: A Middle-Layer Infrastructure for Agent-Driven Orchestration in Embodied AI
- 182. Embodied Navigation Foundation Model
- 183. MiMo-Embodied: X-Embodied Foundation Model Technical Report
- 184. Open-H-Embodiment: A Large-Scale Dataset for Enabling Foundation Models in Medical Robotics
- 185. AlanaVLM: A Multimodal Embodied AI Foundation Model for Egocentric Video Understanding
- 186. 3D Generation for Embodied AI and Robotic Simulation: A Survey
- 187. DISCO: Language-Guided Manipulation with Diffusion Policies and Constrained Inpainting
- 188. Time-Unified Diffusion Policy with Action Discrimination for Robotic Manipulation
- 189. Learning Diffusion Policy from Primitive Skills for Robot Manipulation
- 190. Trace-Focused Diffusion Policy for Multi-Modal Action Disambiguation in Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulation
- 191. Gaze2Act: Gaze-Conditioned Vision-Language-Action Policies for Interactive Robot Manipulation
- 192. LACY: A Vision-Language Model-based Language-Action Cycle for Self-Improving Robotic Manipulation
- 193. villa-X: Enhancing Latent Action Modeling in Vision-Language-Action Models
- 194. InstructVLA: Vision-Language-Action Instruction Tuning from Understanding to Manipulation
- 195. Discrete Policy: Learning Disentangled Action Space for Multi-Task Robotic Manipulation
- 196. Towards Generalizable Vision-Language Robotic Manipulation: A Benchmark and LLM-guided 3D Policy
- 197. A Survey of Language-Conditioned Robot Manipulation
- 198. SafeEmbodAI: a Safety Framework for Mobile Robots in Embodied AI Systems
- 199. The Essential Role of Causality in Foundation World Models for Embodied AI
- 200. A call for embodied AI
- 201. Toward General-Purpose Robots via Foundation Models: A Survey and Meta-Analysis
- 202. What Breaks Embodied AI Security: LLM Vulnerabilities, CPS Flaws, or Something Else?